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31.08.2010

Freiburg BioRegion – a Dynamic Region in the BioValley

Freiburg BioRegion, an attractive and dynamic region offering a high quality of life, is located in Germany but is close to both France and Switzerland. It is a partner of the three-nation BioValley network which combines the biotechnological potential of the centres in Freiburg (D), Basle (CH) and Strasbourg (F).


Mystery of nickel allergies solved

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Researchers from the University of Gießen and the Mannheim Medical Faculty along with colleagues from Freiburg, Münster and Munich, have made a fundamental contribution to deciphering the biological mechanisms behind nickel allergies. The results, which might be of great importance for developing innovative preventive and therapeutic approaches, have now been published in the current edition of “Nature Immunology”.
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Robert Murphy – intelligent computers and insights into cells

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Will humans, who consist of billions of cells and hundreds of billions of molecules, ever understand their own complexity? Robert F. Murphy, External Senior Fellow at the Freiburg Institute for Applied Sciences (FRIAS), is a pioneer in what is known as computational biology. Progress in this discipline is of major importance for medical and pharmaceutical research as well as the agricultural industry.
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Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C | 08.09.2010 | Industry
GENOVAC and Inserm co-develop a novel antibody-based approach for prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis C.

Robert Murphy – intelligent computers and insights into cells | 29.08.2010 | Science
The photo shows a man with glasses and a poster with FRIAS written on it in the background.<br />
Will humans, who consist of billions of cells and hundreds of billions of molecules, ever understand their own complexity? Robert F. Murphy, External Senior Fellow at the Freiburg Institute for Applied Sciences (FRIAS), is a pioneer in what is known as computational biology. This discipline uses mathematical and computational methods to investigate the complexity of biological systems. Progress in this discipline is of major importance for medical and pharmaceutical research as well as the agricultural industry.

Mystery of nickel allergies solved | 23.08.2010 | Science
Researchers from the University of Gießen and the Mannheim Medical Faculty along with colleagues from Freiburg, Münster and Munich, have made a fundamental contribution to deciphering the biological mechanisms behind nickel allergies. The results, which might be of great importance for developing innovative preventive and therapeutic approaches, have now been published in the current edition of “Nature Immunology”.

IBAM GbR - Enzymes, neurotransmitters and Greek mountain tea | 09.08.2010 | Industry
The photo shows a green building.
The Denzlingen-based company IBAM GbR offers solutions that enable faster and cost-effective drug discovery. IBAM GbR was spun off from the University of Freiburg and supports industrial customers in identifying biochemical targets of potential drugs or the modes of action of enzymes and second messengers in the central nervous system and other tissues. Over the last few years, the company’s managing director Dr. Rainer Knörle, and his partner Dr. Peter Schnierle, have in co-operation with their industrial partners specialised on medicinal plants. The partners use modern biochemical methods to analyse the pharmaceutical effect of traditional medicinal plant extracts such as St. John’s wort, passion fruit, or Greek mountain tea.

Human protein produced in a moss bioreactor | 08.08.2010 | Science
The research group led by Prof. Ralf Reski is a moss specialist and has now, for the first time, succeeded in producing a human protein in a moss bioreactor – the complement factor H. The lack of this protein leads to age-related macular degeneration in about 50 million people worldwide. The complement factor H has been assigned ‘orphan drug’ status by the respective EU authorities.

Light into the darkness of the human immune system | 07.08.2010 | Science
Scientists from the Department of Molecular Immunology at the Faculty of Biology and the Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) at the University of Freiburg have discovered a new mechanism that regulates the development of B-lymphocytes in the human bone marrow.

Manfred Kist – 25 years of fascination for a stomach bacterium | 01.08.2010 | Science
Helicobacter pylori is a genus of bacteria that inhabits the human stomach. The bacteria can cause duodenal and gastric ulcers and are also linked to the development of gastric cancer. Prof. Dr. Manfred Kist from the Freiburg University Medical Centre has spent around 25 years of his scientific career on investigating H. pylori, a bent, rod-shaped bacterium.

Metal cubes, protein landscapes and the global nitrogen cycle | 26.07.2010 | Science
The photo shows coloured spheres surrounded by a dense net of blue lines.<br />
Modern methods used for the production of nitrogen for use in plant fertilisers and other applications are very efficient. Prof. Dr. Oliver Einsle and his team at the University of Freiburg have found a way to investigate the reactive centres of bacterial enzymes. All nitrogen-converting enzymes contain metal ions, and it is these metal ions that mediate the underlying chemical reactions.

Bernstein Center Freiburg | 17.07.2010 | Science
The photo shows the building of the Bernstein Centre Freiburg
From now on, the Bernstein Center Freiburg will become the central facility for coordinating research in the areas of computational neuroscience and neurotechnology in Freiburg. It will combine experimental and theoretical neurosciences and their applications in computer science, microsystems technology, and clinical use into a multidisciplinary research hub.

New Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) | 11.07.2010 | News and Views
The photo shows the Institute of Applied Microsystems Engineering at the University of Freiburg (FMF-Fit)
It’s official: Today, the Science Council approved the University of Freiburg’s proposal for the Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT). The 23-million-euro project can now get underway. The planned interdisciplinary, interinstitutional and transnational centre will become an innovative research institution with a special focus on basic research into interactive materials and intelligent systems.



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Archive 2009



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Evidence for the expression of both DNA strands | 24.09.2009 | Science
A group of researchers led by Prof. Hess at the University of Freiburg reports on the use of both strands of the DNA double helix during the copying of the genetic information encoded by the genes. As reported in the renowned scientific magazine Molecular Systems Biology, the antisense RNA created during this process can contribute to the development of new therapeutic concepts.

More than just waste removers | 22.09.2009 | Science
The photo shows a grey sphere covered with hundreds of appendages.
Cells need to get rid of misfolded proteins as quickly as possible, something that for a long time has appeared to be the major function of the enzyme ubiquitin and other similarly structured proteins. It has since become clear that ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins also interfere considerably with the signalling networks of cells. Dr. Klaus-Peter Knobeloch and his colleagues at the Freiburg Neurocentre are investigating the molecular components of a ubiquitin-like system that has connections with the immune system. If parts of this structure are missing, then this can result in severe brain damage, amongst other things.

Cadherins – keeping cells together is not their only purpose | 10.09.2009 | Science
If they are absent, everything goes wrong. Right from the development of the embryo, the cell adhesion molecules of the cadherin superfamily ensure that cells are bound together while they are developing and when they become adult organisms. Cadherins fix tissue in place and give it shape and identity. But this is far from being all that they do. Dr. Dirk Junghans and his team at the Freiburg University Medical Centre have carried out experiments to show that cell adhesion is also able to mediate important signalling pathways. For example, cadherins regulate the number of neuronal stem cells in the embryonic brain. In addition, they have also been shown to play an important role in cancer.

Genome-wide study to identify risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease | 10.09.2009 | Science
A study carried out by an international team of scientists, including scientists from the Freiburg University Medical Centre, pooled 16,000 probands and produced large datasets for the identification of genes with an elevated risk for Alzheimer’s disease.

Angiogenesis as a key for tissue engineering | 08.09.2009 | Science
The photo shows a chicken egg model used to examine vascularistion in tissue engineering.
The German Research Foundation is to fund a research priority of the Department of Plastic Surgery at the Freiburg University Medical Centre. Researchers around the world working in the area of regenerative medicine are all equally hopeful of generating tissue replacements using modern tissue engineering. The development of tissue cells on carrier materials seems quite promising. However, tissue-engineered implants are often rejected by patients due to the lack of angiogenesis.

The lipid metabolism and the immune system | 03.09.2009 | Science
The colour drawing shows a spherical structure with pearls of different colour in the outer layer. Different letters, T and C, are located in the centre of the sphere.<br />
What has the lipid metabolism of the human body got to do with inflammation? Scientists in Dr. Petra May’s group at the Centre for Neuroscience at the University of Freiburg recently found that molecules which normally regulate the availability of cholesterol and other water-insoluble substances, also interact with the signalling networks of the immune system. According to their findings, a receptor which mediates the uptake of certain lipoproteins into liver cells, helps to control the chaotic situations that can occur after inflammation.

Is depression a sign of defective brain plasticity? | 27.08.2009 | Science
The photo shows a green neuron against a black background
The monoamine hypothesis is extremely persistent, possibly partly due to the fact that monoamines are extremely profitable for pharmaceutical companies. However, numerous studies suggest that the lack of secondary messenger substances such as serotonin might not after all be the biological basis of depression. Research carried out by Dr. Claus Normann and his team at the Freiburg University Medical Centre add to the increasing evidence relating to what is misregulated in the brains of people suffering from depression. Dr. Normann and his team found that the plasticity of the brain is the major cause of depression. This finding is in line with clinical findings and also has a molecular basis, which could potentially be manipulated to help sufferers, although not in the foreseeable future.

From model organism to a model family | 27.08.2009 | Science
The photo shows tightly growing garden cress plants.
For many decades, the thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) has served as an excellent model for biologists. However, in the future it may also be joined by cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae) serving as a model. A few years ago, the plant physiologist Dr. Gerhard Leubner and his team at the University of Freiburg discovered that garden cress (Lepidium sativum) was an excellent model for their research on germinating seeds. This small plant with its acrid taste seems to be better suited to many experiments than other plants. In addition, modern approaches in biology are increasingly focusing on the comparison of different species. Is it possible that researchers will be working with model clans in future?

Are fruit flies on the rise again? | 26.08.2009 | Science
The photo shows a small fly with red eyes.
An inconspicuous buzzing insect – it is difficult to imagine that such a creature could be used as a model for humans. Nevertheless, since the beginning of the 20th century Drosophila melanogaster has provided us with decisive insights into human genetics, development and neurobiology. Prof. Dr. Karl-Friedrich Fischbach of the University of Freiburg has been focusing on the development and function of the fruit fly brain for several decades. What kind of insights and detailed information can such research results tell us about our own brain? A good example is a group of molecules discovered by Prof. Fischbach and his team.

More effective extraction of small RNAs | 12.08.2009 | Science
Small RNAs are gaining in importance in research as well as in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. However, the potential of these molecules can only be exploited fully if very pure RNAs can be extracted from the cells in sufficiently high quantities. Currently used methods are expensive and only designed for large cell quantities. In addition, the operation of the extraction systems is very complicated. A new biochip, developed by Dr. Paul Vulto at the Institute of Microsystems Engineering in Freiburg, is able to extract RNAs from cells in a radically different way. His method is already being used by a pharmaceutical company.



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